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1987
This paper examines the impact of changes in exposure growth on loss development patterns. An adjustment methodology for use in cases where growth patterns have changed materially during the observation period is proposed and an example is presented.
Loss Development/IBNR
1987
Fall 1987 These files are in Portable Document Format (PDF), you will need to download the Acrobat Reader to view the articles. Table of Contents Download Entire Volume Indexed Retentions and Multiple Claimant Losses in Nonproportional Reinsurance Sholom Feldblum Letter to Mr. Feldblum from Mr. Fisher Dated 4/21/87 Russell S. Fisher
1987
This chapter is based on a paper prepared for the 1982 Massachusetts automobile rate hearings (Myers and Cohn 1981). The paper has been slightly modified for clarity and for consistency in notation. The Myers-Cohn paper introduced a discounted cash flow approach to insurance rate regulation and also criticized the procedures discussed in chapter 1, which describes the Massachusetts fir-rate-of-return procedures used in 1981.
1987
In the spirit of the Hope Natural Gas decision, fair rate of return analysis in property-liability insurance has attempted to determine the rate of return "commensurate with the returns on investment in other enterprises having corresponding risks" (320 U.S. 591 (1944)). Two principal approaches have been taken: (1) book value methods and (2) market value methods.
1987
Statutory accounting principles for property-liability insurers in the United States, in all but very special circumstances, do not recognize the time value of money in the establishment of loss reserves. The Tax Reform Act of 1986 stipulates an interest rate and a methodology for discounting loss reserves for tax purposes. The National Association of Insurance Commissioners (NAIC) is studying the discounting issue.
1987
Various methods have been advanced for allocating policyholders‘ surplus to lines of insurance. While these methods could be powerful analytical tools, there are practical and theoretical problems that limit their usefulness. These problems are due to both the functions and nature of surplus and the nature of the decision-making processes that might use an allocation method.
1987
An insurance company is considered as an intermediary between policyholders and the capital market. By applying the traditional and the generalized version of the capital asset pricing model, a class of premium principles can be derived. This class is fully compatible with Buhlmann‘s economic premium principle. Moreover, insurance premiums can be directly related to risk premiums on the stock exchange.
1987
This paper extends the martingale analysis of no arbitrage pricing to worlds with taxation. The absence of arbitrage is shown to imply the existence of different shadow prices for income streams that are subject to differing tax treatments.
1986
In this paper we consider the optimal levels of reinsurance in cases where the cedent has a choice between a pure quota-share treaty, a pure excess of loss treaty or any combination of the two. The optimality criterion that we use is that the insurer's adjustment coefficient should be maximized, subject or not to a constraint on the insurer's expected net profit.
1986
Reinsurance Research - Loss Distributions, Size of
1986
An introduction including discussion of common pitfalls.
1986
This paper is intended for those actuaries who want to find out how annual statements of foreign subsidiaries are translated into U.S. dollars. The paper will also present some of the problems that can result from these translation methods. The paper presents some samples of different translation methods used and then works through some simple examples to see the effect of these methods on several exhibits of the annual statement.
1986
This paper presents various regression models for use in estimating ultimate losses. A valuable aspect of this paper is the discussion of the various sources for error in forecasts inherent in using such models as well as various statistical measures of efficiency for striking a balance between capturing the pattern inherent in the data without losing forecast accuracy.
1986
Excess and surplus lines underwriters, and others, rely heavily on facultative reinsurance support as an important part of their underwriting function. Individual risks are often subject to multiple reinsurance transactions as a result of the underwriting process. The net retained by the underwriters for the company’s account is then subject to the overall company reinsurance treaty.
1986
This paper discusses several operational considerations of outwards reinsurance treaties necessary to insure that the treaties are both functioning as intended, and properly reflected in the ceding companies financial statements. Commonly used treaty provisions and their impact on financial statements are discussed.
1986
With current methodology, the parameters of a retrospective rating plan are calculated to place the plan in balance on an underwriting basis. This paper provides a way of calculating the present value of the retrospective premium. Using this methodology, one can compare the expected profitability of various retrospective rating plans on a discounted or operating basis. This includes paid loss retros.
1986
This report was submitted to the Life Insurance Council of New York, November 1, 1986.
1986
Excess and surplus lines underwriters, and others, rely heavily on facultative reinsurance support as an important part of their underwriting function. Individual risks are often subject to multiple reinsurance transactions as a result of the underwriting process. The net retained by the underwriters for the company’s account is then subject to the overall company reinsurance treaty.
1986
The estimation of risk premium for individual car models is discussed. Cluster analysis is used to identify groups of car models with similar technical attributes. Credibility theory is used to combine estimates of risk premium from individual car model claim statistics, group claim statistics, and a technical assessment carried out by car experts.
